Hungary
What this score means
- Extreme75 to 100
- Severe and systematic. Device search, interception and detention over online activity are documented rather than theoretical. Reconsider what you carry and what you say.
- High50 to 74
- Substantial and consistently evidenced measures. Device inspection, monitored networks or restricted services should be expected rather than treated as unlikely.
- Caution25 to 49
- Some risk, and manageable with precautions. Measures are evidenced but are narrow, inconsistently applied, or the picture is mixed.
- Low0 to 24
- Ordinary precautions. No systematic device search, network restriction or prosecution of visitors for online speech is evidenced.
Government travel advice is written for one citizenry, so the same country carries a different assessment depending on your passport. Change it in the header.
Showing the baseline, which weights every issuer equally. No government in our corpus publishes travel advice written for you, so this is not addressed to you specifically.
For United Kingdom nationals: 28 (caution). This leans on advice written for British nationals, and weights other issuers lower.
For Europe nationals: 28 (caution). This leans on advice written for German nationals, and weights other issuers lower.
For United States nationals: 28 (caution). This leans on advice written for US nationals, and weights other issuers lower.
For Canada nationals: 30 (caution). This leans on advice written for Canadian nationals, and weights other issuers lower.
For Latin America and the Caribbean nationals: 29 (caution). No government in our corpus writes travel advice for Latin America and the Caribbean, so this starts from the neutral baseline and is then adjusted for the relationship below.
For Africa nationals: 30 (caution). No government in our corpus writes travel advice for Africa, so this starts from the neutral baseline and is then adjusted for the relationship below.Adjusted by 4 percent for the relationship between Africa and this destination.For most passports in this region, Hungary requires a visa in advance, applied for and vetted before travel. Summarised across 54 passports, which do not all face the same rule. Source.A sanctions regime is not a measure of cyber risk. It is used as a bounded proxy for the closer attention nationals of a sanctioning state are reported to receive on entry, and it can move a score by a limited amount in either direction, never replace it.
For Middle East nationals: 30 (caution). No government in our corpus writes travel advice for Middle East, so this starts from the neutral baseline and is then adjusted for the relationship below.Adjusted by 4 percent for the relationship between Middle East and this destination.For most passports in this region, Hungary requires a visa in advance, applied for and vetted before travel. Summarised across 18 passports, which do not all face the same rule. Source.A sanctions regime is not a measure of cyber risk. It is used as a bounded proxy for the closer attention nationals of a sanctioning state are reported to receive on entry, and it can move a score by a limited amount in either direction, never replace it.
For South Asia nationals: 30 (caution). No government in our corpus writes travel advice for South Asia, so this starts from the neutral baseline and is then adjusted for the relationship below.Adjusted by 4 percent for the relationship between South Asia and this destination.For most passports in this region, Hungary requires a visa in advance, applied for and vetted before travel. Summarised across 14 passports, which do not all face the same rule. Source.A sanctions regime is not a measure of cyber risk. It is used as a bounded proxy for the closer attention nationals of a sanctioning state are reported to receive on entry, and it can move a score by a limited amount in either direction, never replace it.
For East and South East Asia nationals: 30 (caution). No government in our corpus writes travel advice for East and South East Asia, so this starts from the neutral baseline and is then adjusted for the relationship below.Adjusted by 4 percent for the relationship between East and South East Asia and this destination.For most passports in this region, Hungary requires a visa in advance, applied for and vetted before travel. Summarised across 19 passports, which do not all face the same rule. Source.A sanctions regime is not a measure of cyber risk. It is used as a bounded proxy for the closer attention nationals of a sanctioning state are reported to receive on entry, and it can move a score by a limited amount in either direction, never replace it.
For Oceania nationals: 29 (caution). No government in our corpus writes travel advice for Oceania, so this starts from the neutral baseline and is then adjusted for the relationship below.
Dimensions
Each dimension is scored independently, because the traveller who cares about legal exposure for what they have posted is often not the one carrying client data. Higher means more risk.
Surveillance and interception
How comprehensively are communications intercepted, retained, and monitored, and is commercial spyware in use?
good confidence9 independent sources
Why this score (11 sources)
Freedom House 2026 scored HUN 3 of 4 on freedom to express personal views on sensitive topics without fear of surveillance or retribution.
Freedom House, Freedom in the World · observed 2026-01-01
V-Dem Digital Society Project 2025 scored HUN 2.77 of 4 on how comprehensively the government monitors social media and private online communication, where higher is freer.
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg, Digital Society Project · observed 2025-12-31
V-Dem Digital Society Project 2025 scored HUN 3.34 of 4 on how far privacy protection law shields communications from government access, where higher is freer. This measures what privacy law permits rather than what monitoring is practised, so it is read here as a constraint on interception rather than a measurement of it.
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg, Digital Society Project · observed 2025-12-31
The World Justice Project Rule of Law Index 2025 scored HUN 0.53 of 1 on whether freedom from arbitrary interference with privacy is effectively guaranteed, a measure built from expert assessments of warrantless interception of communications.
World Justice Project, Rule of Law Index, sub-factor 4.6 · observed 2025-01-01
This law also allows authorities to use facial recognition technology to identify and fine anyone who takes part in these events.
Global Affairs Canada, Travel advice and advisories · observed 2026-10-16 · written for CAN nationals · extracted by language model
Those media that managed to carve out a market position and retain their independence were kept off-kilter by years of smear campaigns , spyware surveillance , abusive lawsuits and investigations from the Sovereignty Protection Office .
Balkan Insight (BIRN), via a site scoped search · observed 2026-05-04 · extracted by language model
Unresolved Pegasus surveillance cases, recent DDoS attacks on newsrooms, and new pro-government media acquisitions underscore the shrinking space for independent reporting.
Committee to Protect Journalists, via a site scoped search · observed 2025-11-10 · extracted by language model
Hungary’s parliament has since passed a series of other amendments tightening the government’s grip on those seeking to attend Pride, which will allow authorities to use facial recognition technology to identify people at events, and potentially fine them up to 200,000 Hungarian forint (HUF), the equivalent of $560.
Index on Censorship, via a site scoped search · observed 2025-06-02 · extracted by language model
The law also grants authorities the ability to use facial recognition technology to identify individuals attending prohibited events, such as Budapest Pride, with fines of up to 200,000 Hungarian forints, $546, for those involved.
Premium Times feed · observed 2025-04-14 · extracted by language model
If you participate in illegal or banned demonstrations, you can be identified by facial recognition technology and face large fines.
Global Affairs Canada, Travel advice and advisories · observed 2026-10-16 · written for CAN nationals · extracted by language model
Auf Grundlage eines am 18. März 2025 verabschiedeten Gesetzes können öffentliche Veranstaltungen (z.B. „Pride March“) behördlich verboten werden. Teilnehmende an nicht genehmigten Veranstaltungen können ggf. unter Einsatz von Gesichtserkennungssoftware identifiziert und zu hohen Geldstrafen (bis zu 200.000 HUF) verurteilt werden.
Our translation: Auf Grundlage eines am 18. März 2025 verabschiedeten Gesetzes können öffentliche Veranstaltungen (z.B. „Pride March“) behördlich verboten werden. Teilnehmende an nicht genehmigten Veranstaltungen können ggf. unter Einsatz von Gesichtserkennungssoftware identifiziert und zu hohen Geldstrafen (bis zu 200.000 HUF) verurteilt werden.
Auswärtiges Amt, Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise · observed 2026-10-16 · written for DEU nationals · extracted by language model
Report an inaccuracy (corrections need a link to the reporting, statute or research that shows it).
2 excluded sources
- ARTICLE 19, via a site scoped search, observed 2023-05-03: aged out after 3 years.
- Committee to Protect Journalists, via a site scoped search, observed 2021-07-01: aged out after 5 years.
Speech and legal exposure
What legal risk attaches to what I have said online, or say while I am there?
good confidence9 independent sources
Why this score (13 sources)
Freedom House 2026 scored HUN 3 of 4 on freedom to express personal views on sensitive topics without fear of surveillance or retribution.
Freedom House, Freedom in the World · observed 2026-01-01
Freedom House 2026 scored HUN 2 of 4 on free and independent media.
Freedom House, Freedom in the World · observed 2026-01-01
V-Dem Digital Society Project 2025 scored HUN 3.54 of 4 on how routinely the government censors political content on social media, where higher is freer.
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg, Digital Society Project · observed 2025-12-31
V-Dem Digital Society Project 2025 scored HUN 2.63 of 4 on how often people are arrested for political content they posted online, where higher is freer.
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg, Digital Society Project · observed 2025-12-31
Hungary - Level 1: Exercise Normal Precautions
US Department of State, Travel Advisories · observed 2026-04-15 · written for USA nationals
FCDO advice for Hungary: no advisory against travel in force.
UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, Foreign travel advice · observed 2026-09-23 · written for GBR nationals
Hungary: Take normal security precautions
Global Affairs Canada, Travel advice and advisories · observed 2026-10-14 · written for CAN nationals
Hungary (Ungarn): No travel warning in force
Auswärtiges Amt, Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise · observed 2026-08-10 · written for DEU nationals
Authorities must repeal the law establishing the Sovereignty Protection Office (SPO), which has been used to harass and delegitimize independent media by labeling them as threats to national sovereignty.
Committee to Protect Journalists, via a site scoped search · observed 2026-04-08 · extracted by language model
A new child protection law passed in March 2025 has been used to ban the Budapest Pride March and could continue to be used as the legal basis to ban future 2SLGBTQI+ Pride events.
Global Affairs Canada, Travel advice and advisories · observed 2026-10-16 · written for CAN nationals · extracted by language model
Hungary’s parliament has since passed a series of other amendments tightening the government’s grip on those seeking to attend Pride, which will allow authorities to use facial recognition technology to identify people at events, and potentially fine them up to 200,000 Hungarian forint (HUF), the equivalent of $560.
Index on Censorship, via a site scoped search · observed 2025-06-02 · extracted by language model
The Hungarian parliament has passed a constitutional amendment that allows the government to prohibit LGBTQ+ communities from organising public events.
Premium Times feed · observed 2025-04-14 · extracted by language model
A new child protection law passed in March 2025 has been used to ban the Budapest Pride March and could continue to be used as the legal basis to ban future 2SLGBTQI+ Pride events.
Global Affairs Canada, Travel advice and advisories · observed 2026-08-15 · written for CAN nationals · extracted by language model
Report an inaccuracy (corrections need a link to the reporting, statute or research that shows it).
Network threat
How hostile is the network environment to a foreign visitor, from state actors and criminals alike?
good confidence4 independent sourcesEvidence is ageing: contributing sources are weighted at 66% of full strength.
Why this score (4 sources)
ITU Global Cybersecurity Index 2024, Technical pillar: 19.38 of 20.
International Telecommunication Union, Global Cybersecurity Index · observed 2024-12-31
Freedom House scored Hungary 21 of 25 on obstacles to access in Freedom on the Net, a category covering state control over internet infrastructure and gateways, regulatory and ownership control over service providers, and the independence of the regulator.
Freedom House, Freedom on the Net, obstacles to access · observed 2025-01-01
In April 2026, a leaked internal memo from Mediaworks Hungary Zrt, a major pro-government media company linked to Orbán’s Fidesz party, surfaced following a large-scale cyberattack by the hacker group World Leaks, which stole around 15 million files (8.5 terabytes of data) and made them available on the dark web.
CIVICUS Monitor country updates · observed 2026-05-06 · extracted by language model
SNSサイトを利用したアパート契約詐欺に遭ったという被害が報告されています。
Our translation: Reports have been received of apartment contract fraud using SNS sites.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan, Overseas travel safety information · observed 2026-08-15 · written for JPN nationals · extracted by language model
Report an inaccuracy (corrections need a link to the reporting, statute or research that shows it).
1 excluded source
- Premium Times feed, observed 2023-09-14: aged out after 3 years.
Data jurisdiction
What happens to corporate or client data I carry into the jurisdiction?
moderate confidence1 independent source
Why this score (1 source)
V-Dem Digital Society Project 2025 scored HUN 3.34 of 4 on how far privacy protection law shields communications from government access, where higher is freer.
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg, Digital Society Project · observed 2025-12-31
Report an inaccuracy (corrections need a link to the reporting, statute or research that shows it).
Encryption and VPN legality
Are VPNs and strong encryption lawful, and can I be required to install an application or hand over keys?
good confidence2 independent sources
Why this score (2 sources)
V-Dem Digital Society Project 2025 scored HUN 3.22 of 4 on whether the government regulates the internet in a way consistent with international human rights standards, where higher is freer. This does not establish whether encryption or VPN use is lawful. It measures internet regulation in general, and is used as indirect evidence because the only survey that reads encryption law directly was published in 2019.
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg, Digital Society Project · observed 2025-12-31
OONI recorded no confirmed blocking across 13,904 measurements of anonymity and censorship circumvention tools in HUN over the 90 days to 2026-10-16, with 129 further results inconclusive.
Open Observatory of Network Interference, OONI measurement data · observed 2026-10-16
Report an inaccuracy (corrections need a link to the reporting, statute or research that shows it).
Border device risk
How likely is my device to be searched, imaged, or seized at the border, and can I be compelled to unlock it?
good confidence5 independent sources
No reports were found of devices being searched, imaged or seized at this border, or of travellers being compelled to unlock them. The score below is drawn from general indicators for this country rather than from anything observed about this risk, so it describes an absence of reports rather than evidence that the risk is absent.
What the score rests on (5 indirect sources)
Freedom House 2026 scored HUN 3 of 4 on due process in civil and criminal matters.
Freedom House, Freedom in the World · observed 2026-01-01
Hungary - Level 1: Exercise Normal Precautions
US Department of State, Travel Advisories · observed 2026-04-15 · written for USA nationals
FCDO advice for Hungary: no advisory against travel in force.
UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, Foreign travel advice · observed 2026-09-23 · written for GBR nationals
Hungary: Take normal security precautions
Global Affairs Canada, Travel advice and advisories · observed 2026-10-14 · written for CAN nationals
Hungary (Ungarn): No travel warning in force
Auswärtiges Amt, Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise · observed 2026-08-10 · written for DEU nationals
Report an inaccuracy (corrections need a link to the reporting, statute or research that shows it).
Connectivity continuity
How likely am I to lose access to the internet, or to the specific tools I depend on?
good confidence7 independent sources
Why this score (8 sources)
V-Dem Digital Society Project 2025 scored HUN 3.96 of 4 on how often the government shuts down domestic access to the internet, where higher is freer.
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg, Digital Society Project · observed 2025-12-31
V-Dem Digital Society Project 2025 scored HUN 3.30 of 4 on how routinely the government filters internet content in practice, where higher is freer.
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg, Digital Society Project · observed 2025-12-31
OONI recorded 0 confirmed and 2,895 anomalous results across 175,740 web connectivity measurements in HUN over the 30 days to 2026-10-16, a confirmed blocking rate of 0.00 percent.
Open Observatory of Network Interference, OONI measurement data · observed 2026-10-16
IODA detected 1 internet outage event affecting Hungary in the 7 days to 2026-10-16, with an aggregate disruption score of 2,806.
Georgia Tech Internet Intelligence Lab, Internet Outage Detection and Analysis · observed 2026-10-16
Hungary - Level 1: Exercise Normal Precautions
US Department of State, Travel Advisories · observed 2026-04-15 · written for USA nationals
FCDO advice for Hungary: no advisory against travel in force.
UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, Foreign travel advice · observed 2026-09-23 · written for GBR nationals
Hungary: Take normal security precautions
Global Affairs Canada, Travel advice and advisories · observed 2026-10-14 · written for CAN nationals
Hungary (Ungarn): No travel warning in force
Auswärtiges Amt, Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise · observed 2026-08-10 · written for DEU nationals
Report an inaccuracy (corrections need a link to the reporting, statute or research that shows it).
Trend
The overall score is up 6.0 points over 61 days, from 23.3 to 29.3. Most movement is the event overlay decaying rather than anything happening: a news signal loses half its weight every three weeks, so a score drifts back toward its structural baseline on its own. A step that holds is the one worth reading.
Check this yourself
These are not inputs to the score for Hungary. They are where to look if you want to test what is above against something we did not use.
- OONI ExplorerMeasured tests of website and app blocking, updated continuously by volunteers running probes in country. Not used in our scores: its licence forbids commercial use.
- IODA outage recordThe full outage history behind any continuity events shown above, including the measurement methods that detected them.
- FCDO travel adviceThe UK government view, written for UK nationals.
- US State Department travel advisoriesThe US government view, written for US nationals.
Sources
This assessment draws on 17 sources: Auswärtiges Amt, Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise; Balkan Insight (BIRN), via a site scoped search; CIVICUS Monitor country updates; Committee to Protect Journalists, via a site scoped search; Freedom House, Freedom in the World; Freedom House, Freedom on the Net, obstacles to access; Georgia Tech Internet Intelligence Lab, Internet Outage Detection and Analysis; Global Affairs Canada, Travel advice and advisories; Index on Censorship, via a site scoped search; International Telecommunication Union, Global Cybersecurity Index; Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan, Overseas travel safety information; Open Observatory of Network Interference, OONI measurement data; Premium Times feed; UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, Foreign travel advice; US Department of State, Travel Advisories; V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg, Digital Society Project; World Justice Project, Rule of Law Index, sub-factor 4.6. Every contributing claim is quoted with its origin and date above. Model version 0.12.0, computed 2026-10-16.
If something here is wrong, say so. Corrections are handled in public, and we correct because the evidence is wrong, not because someone objects.