WorldRisk

Which passport do you hold?

Risk to a traveller depends on their nationality. A country that sanctions your destination, or is sanctioned by it, changes how you are treated on arrival. Choosing here adjusts every score on the site.

We hold travel advice written for four nationalities so far. Selecting anything else shows the neutral baseline, and every page says so where it applies rather than presenting it as an assessment made for you.

Kept in your browser only. Nothing is sent anywhere, and you can change it at any time from the header.

All countries

Ghana

43Caution43 of 100, Caution band, 25 to 49good confidence(7/7 dimensions)
What this score means
Extreme75 to 100
Severe and systematic. Device search, interception and detention over online activity are documented rather than theoretical. Reconsider what you carry and what you say.
High50 to 74
Substantial and consistently evidenced measures. Device inspection, monitored networks or restricted services should be expected rather than treated as unlikely.
Caution25 to 49
Some risk, and manageable with precautions. Measures are evidenced but are narrow, inconsistently applied, or the picture is mixed.
Low0 to 24
Ordinary precautions. No systematic device search, network restriction or prosecution of visitors for online speech is evidenced.

Government travel advice is written for one citizenry, so the same country carries a different assessment depending on your passport. Change it in the header.

Showing the baseline, which weights every issuer equally. No government in our corpus publishes travel advice written for you, so this is not addressed to you specifically.

Dimensions

Each dimension is scored independently, because the traveller who cares about legal exposure for what they have posted is often not the one carrying client data. Higher means more risk.

Network threat

How hostile is the network environment to a foreign visitor, from state actors and criminals alike?

85Extreme85 of 100, Extreme band, 75 to 100

good confidence4 independent sourcesEvidence is ageing: contributing sources are weighted at 69% of full strength.

Why this score (12 sources)

  • ITU Global Cybersecurity Index 2024, Technical pillar: 20.00 of 20.

    International Telecommunication Union, Global Cybersecurity Index · observed 2024-12-31

  • Freedom House scored Ghana 15 of 25 on obstacles to access in Freedom on the Net, a category covering state control over internet infrastructure and gateways, regulatory and ownership control over service providers, and the independence of the regulator.

    Freedom House, Freedom on the Net, obstacles to access · observed 2025-01-01

  • The report identified Ghana among African countries facing increasing cases of cyber-enabled financial crimes, with fraudsters targeting mobile money users through various deceptive methods aimed at gaining access to their accounts and funds.

    MyJoyOnline, via a site scoped search · observed 2026-08-03 · extracted by language model

  • The data shows that in Ghana, like the rest of Africa, government and financial institutions make up 29% and 22% of all successful attacks on organisations, respectively.

    MyJoyOnline, via a site scoped search · observed 2024-11-24 · extracted by language model

  • In recent years, the country has become a recognised hub for cybercrime operations, attracting syndicates that exploit technological vulnerabilities and, in some cases, vulnerable individuals.

    MyJoyOnline, via a site scoped search · observed 2025-07-24 · extracted by language model

  • This flaw enables unrestricted, anonymous access to sensitive voter information, including full names, dates of birth, polling stations, and photographs, without any form of authentication.

    MyJoyOnline, via a site scoped search · observed 2024-12-18 · extracted by language model

  • The Tema Regional Police Command has secured a 20-year prison sentence for two men convicted of trafficking Nigerian nationals into Ghana under the false promise of employment before forcing them into cybercrime.

    MyJoyOnline, via a site scoped search · observed 2026-08-05 · extracted by language model

  • The Cyber Security Authority (CSA) has identified social engineering, which is the use of deception and manipulation to trick individuals into revealing sensitive information or transferring money, as the leading method being used by fraudsters targeting customers and businesses in Ghana’s digital space.

    MyJoyOnline, via a site scoped search · observed 2026-07-23 · extracted by language model

  • The Ghana Police Service has arrested 141 suspects, including a landlord, in a major intelligence-led operation targeting cyber-enabled financial crimes in parts of the Greater Accra Region.

    MyJoyOnline, via a site scoped search · observed 2025-12-29 · extracted by language model

  • The Minister for Communication and Digital Technology, Samuel Nartey George, has announced the arrest of 48 suspected cybercrime operatives in a coordinated operation in the Dawhenya area of the Ningo-Prampram constituency.

    MyJoyOnline, via a site scoped search · observed 2025-12-24 · extracted by language model

  • Ghana has led the West African region in both the frequency and diversity of cyber threats for the first half of 2024, facing a high volume of distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks directed at industries including computer services and telecommunications.

    TechAfrica News, via a site scoped search · observed 2024-11-06 · extracted by language model

  • Ghana recorded an estimated $1.3 million in losses from mobile money fraud during the first quarter of 2025, as cybercriminals continue to exploit the country’s growing digital payment ecosystem, according to the latest INTERPOL African Cyberthreat Assessment Report.

    MyJoyOnline, via a site scoped search · observed 2026-08-03 · extracted by language model

Report an inaccuracy (corrections need a link to the reporting, statute or research that shows it).

Connectivity continuity

How likely am I to lose access to the internet, or to the specific tools I depend on?

42Caution42 of 100, Caution band, 25 to 49

good confidence8 independent sources

Why this score (31 sources)

Report an inaccuracy (corrections need a link to the reporting, statute or research that shows it).

Speech and legal exposure

What legal risk attaches to what I have said online, or say while I am there?

41Caution41 of 100, Caution band, 25 to 49

good confidence8 independent sources

Why this score (13 sources)

Report an inaccuracy (corrections need a link to the reporting, statute or research that shows it).

1 excluded source
  • MyJoyOnline, via a site scoped search, observed 2024-04-08: aged out after 3 years.

Data jurisdiction

What happens to corporate or client data I carry into the jurisdiction?

38Caution38 of 100, Caution band, 25 to 49

moderate confidence2 independent sources

Why this score (2 sources)

Report an inaccuracy (corrections need a link to the reporting, statute or research that shows it).

Surveillance and interception

How comprehensively are communications intercepted, retained, and monitored, and is commercial spyware in use?

36Caution36 of 100, Caution band, 25 to 49

good confidence5 independent sourcesEvidence is ageing: contributing sources are weighted at 69% of full strength.

Why this score (8 sources)

  • Freedom House 2026 scored GHA 4 of 4 on freedom to express personal views on sensitive topics without fear of surveillance or retribution.

    Freedom House, Freedom in the World · observed 2026-01-01

  • V-Dem Digital Society Project 2025 scored GHA 2.93 of 4 on how comprehensively the government monitors social media and private online communication, where higher is freer.

    V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg, Digital Society Project · observed 2025-12-31

  • V-Dem Digital Society Project 2025 scored GHA 3.75 of 4 on how far privacy protection law shields communications from government access, where higher is freer. This measures what privacy law permits rather than what monitoring is practised, so it is read here as a constraint on interception rather than a measurement of it.

    V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg, Digital Society Project · observed 2025-12-31

  • The World Justice Project Rule of Law Index 2025 scored GHA 0.42 of 1 on whether freedom from arbitrary interference with privacy is effectively guaranteed, a measure built from expert assessments of warrantless interception of communications.

    World Justice Project, Rule of Law Index, sub-factor 4.6 · observed 2025-01-01

  • Digital addressing systems, national databases, SIM registration, and new surveillance technologies are expanding rapidly.

    MyJoyOnline, via a site scoped search · observed 2025-11-18 · extracted by language model

  • The Cybersecurity (Amendment) Bill, 2025 proposes sweeping new powers for the Cyber Security Authority, from prosecuting cyber-offences to seizing digital assets.

    MyJoyOnline, via a site scoped search · observed 2025-11-01 · extracted by language model

  • The OSP is fortified with specialised powers, including intelligence gathering, surveillance, counter-surveillance, and police functions, making it a comprehensive anti-graft agency.

    MyJoyOnline, via a site scoped search · observed 2025-07-17 · extracted by language model

  • As part of ongoing reforms, the Ministry plans to roll out SIM card registration later in 2026, following consultations with relevant stakeholders.

    TechAfrica News, via a site scoped search · observed 2026-02-27 · extracted by language model

Report an inaccuracy (corrections need a link to the reporting, statute or research that shows it).

Border device risk

How likely is my device to be searched, imaged, or seized at the border, and can I be compelled to unlock it?

33Caution33 of 100, Caution band, 25 to 49

good confidence6 independent sources

Why this score (6 sources)

Report an inaccuracy (corrections need a link to the reporting, statute or research that shows it).

Encryption and VPN legality

Are VPNs and strong encryption lawful, and can I be required to install an application or hand over keys?

22Low22 of 100, Low band, 0 to 24

moderate confidence3 independent sources

Why this score (3 sources)

  • Some restrictions. Ghanian law grants law enforcement agents the right to seize any computer, electronic record, program, information, document, or thing from an individual or service provider in executing a warrant if they have reasonable grounds to believe that an offence has been or is about to be committed. Law enforcement officers are also entitled to require access to decryption information and “the reasonable technical and other assistance required for investigation or prosecution”. The law prohibits the sale or provision of encryption or authentication services unless it is compliant with the country’s 2

    Global Partners Digital, World Map of Encryption Laws and Policies · observed 2019-06-01

  • V-Dem Digital Society Project 2025 scored GHA 3.76 of 4 on whether the government regulates the internet in a way consistent with international human rights standards, where higher is freer. This does not establish whether encryption or VPN use is lawful. It measures internet regulation in general, and is used as indirect evidence because the only survey that reads encryption law directly was published in 2019.

    V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg, Digital Society Project · observed 2025-12-31

  • OONI recorded no confirmed blocking across 1,009 measurements of anonymity and censorship circumvention tools in GHA over the 90 days to 2026-10-16, with 15 further results inconclusive.

    Open Observatory of Network Interference, OONI measurement data · observed 2026-10-16

Report an inaccuracy (corrections need a link to the reporting, statute or research that shows it).

Trend

02550751002026-08-162026-10-16

The overall score is up 14.4 points over 61 days, from 28.6 to 43. Most movement is the event overlay decaying rather than anything happening: a news signal loses half its weight every three weeks, so a score drifts back toward its structural baseline on its own. A step that holds is the one worth reading.

Check this yourself

These are not inputs to the score for Ghana. They are where to look if you want to test what is above against something we did not use.

Sources

This assessment draws on 15 sources: Auswärtiges Amt, Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise; Freedom House, Freedom in the World; Freedom House, Freedom on the Net, obstacles to access; Georgia Tech Internet Intelligence Lab, Internet Outage Detection and Analysis; Global Affairs Canada, Travel advice and advisories; Global Partners Digital, World Map of Encryption Laws and Policies; Global Voices (Advox), via a site scoped search; International Telecommunication Union, Global Cybersecurity Index; MyJoyOnline, via a site scoped search; Open Observatory of Network Interference, OONI measurement data; TechAfrica News, via a site scoped search; UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, Foreign travel advice; US Department of State, Travel Advisories; V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg, Digital Society Project; World Justice Project, Rule of Law Index, sub-factor 4.6. Every contributing claim is quoted with its origin and date above. Model version 0.12.0, computed 2026-10-16.

If something here is wrong, say so. Corrections are handled in public, and we correct because the evidence is wrong, not because someone objects.